Ukuqhekeka ezindongeni, ukuklebhula izintambo ezindongeni ezinothuli, ukupeyinta iplasta… umcabango nje wokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwe-intercom lwesakhiwo sakho ungathuthumela umgogodla wanoma yimuphi umninikhaya, umphathi wezindlu, noma umfakisi. Kuthiwani uma bekukhona indlela yokuletha ukuphepha kwevidiyo okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kanye nokulula kwesimanje?ngaphandleiphrojekthi yokuvuselela izintambo ehlaselayo, ebizayo, nedla isikhathi? Faka iqhawe elingakadunyiswa lokuthuthukiswa kokulawula ukufinyelela: iUhlelo lwe-Intercom yevidiyo olunezintambo ezimbiliLokhu akuyona nje inguquko encane yobuchwepheshe; kuyishintsho lomdlalo ekuphefumuleni impilo entsha ezakhiweni ezikhona.
Ngale Kwezisekelo: Kungani “I-2-Wire” Ingeyona Nje Incazelo Yeshidi Elicacisiwe
Izihloko eziningi zingase zikhulume ngokuthi “izintambo ezimbili” njengephuzu lengxoxo ngaphansi kwezincazelo zobuchwepheshe. Kodwa ake sibheke ngokujulile. Izinhlelo ze-analog video intercom zendabuko zivame ukudinga izintambo ezihlukene ze:
Amandla:Ukuqhuba i-monitor/isiteshi ngaphakathi.
Umsindo:Kokuxhumana okubili.
Ividiyo:Ukudlulisa okuphakelayo kwekhamera.
Ukukhishwa Komnyango:Ukuqala ukukhiya/ukushaya kukagesi.
Ngezinye izikhathi Idatha:Ukuze uthole izici ezithuthukisiwe noma ukuxhumana.
Lokho kungenzekaIzintambo ezi-5 noma ngaphezulu ngazinyekusuka esiteshini sangaphandle kuya eyunithi(amayunithi) yangaphakathi. Ekwakhiweni okusha, lokhu kuhlelwe. Ezakhiweni ezikhona, ikakhulukazi ezindala ezinezindonga zeplasta, izakhiwo zekhonkrithi, noma izindlu zangaphansi eziqediwe, ukusebenzisa lezi zintambo eziningi ezintsha kuba yiphupho elibi kakhulu lezokuthutha kanye nezezimali.
Inguquko Yezintambo Ezimbili: Umlingo Ezintanjeni Ezikhona
Nansi ingqikithi ehlakaniphile yesistimu yezintambo ezimbili:Idlulisa ZONKE izimpawu ezidingekayo – amandla, ividiyo, umsindo, kanye nokulawula ukukhishwa kweminyango – phezu kwama-conductor amabili ajwayelekile.Cabanga ngakho njengokucindezela i-movie enencazelo ephezulu ukuze isakazeke kahle ngokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okudala. Isebenzisa amasu okuguquguquka ayinkimbinkimbi kanye nama-elekthronikhi ahlakaniphile kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ukuze ipakishe lolu lwazi oluhlukahlukene ezintanjeni ezilula.
Kungani Lokhu Kushintsha Konke (Umthelela Wezwe Langempela)
Izindleko Zehliswe Kakhulu:Izindleko ezinkulu kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-intercom endala akuvamile ukuba yihadiwe ngokwayo; umsebenzi nezinto zokusebenzisa izintambo ezintsha. Ngokusebenzisa ingqalasizinda ekhona yezintambo ezimbili (evame kakhulu ezakhiweni ezakhiwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 edlule ezazinama-intercom alalelwayo ayisisekelo), izinhlelo zezintambo ezimbili ziqeda le zindleko cishe ngokuphelele. Asikho isidingo sokuba ochwepheshe bezogesi bachithe izinsuku bedoba izintambo, belungisa ama-drywall, noma bephazamisa abaqashi.
Ukuphazamiseka Okuncane, Ukukhululeka Okuphezulu:Cabanga ukuthuthukisa ezokuphepha kwakho ngaphandle kokuguqula ikhaya lakho noma isakhiwo sibe yindawo yokwakha. Ukufakwa kwezintambo ezimbili kuvame ukuhlanzeka kakhulu futhi kuyashesha. Isiteshi sangaphandle sithatha indawo yenkinobho endala, bese isikrini sangaphakathi sixhuma ezintanjeni ezikhona. Ukuphazamiseka kugcinwa kuncane kakhulu - inzuzo enkulu yezindlu ezinabantu abaningi, izakhiwo zomlando, izindawo zokuqasha, kanye namabhizinisi amatasa.
Ukuvula Ukuphepha Kwesimanje Ezakhiweni "Ezingathinteki":Izakhiwo zomlando ezinemithetho eqinile yokulondolozwa, izakhiwo eziphakeme zekhonkrithi, izakhiwo ezikhathaza nge-asbestos, noma izakhiwo ezinezindawo eziqediwe eziyinkimbinkimbi zivame ukumelana nokuthuthukiswa kwendabuko. Ubuchwepheshe bezintambo ezimbili budlula lezi zithiyo, buvumela ukuqinisekiswa kwevidiyo yesimanje, ukufinyelela kude, kanye nokukhishwa kweminyango kagesi lapho ngaphambilini kwakubhekwa njengokungenakwenzeka noma kubiza kakhulu.
Ukusabalala Kwenziwe Kwaba Lula:Ukwengeza ama-monitor engeziwe angaphakathi (njengasekamelweni lokulala noma ehhovisi lesibili) kuvame ukuba yinto engenzeka ngoba awuvinjelwa isidingo sokusebenzisa izintambo ezintsha eziyinkimbinkimbi ezibuyela endaweni yokungena eyinhloko. Ungavame ukusebenzisa izintambo ezimbili ezikhona ezindaweni ezilungele wena.
Ukufakwa Okusheshayo kanye ne-ROI:Abafaki baqeda imisebenzi ngokushesha. Abanikazi bezindlu babona imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali ngokushesha kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi zokufaka kanye nezinzuzo zokuphepha/zokusebenza ngokushesha.
Isebenza Kanjani Le Alchemy Yezobuchwepheshe Ngempela? (Ukubuka Ngaphansi Kwe-Hood)
Nakuba imininingwane ihluka ngomkhiqizi, izimiso eziyinhloko zihilela:
Ukushintshashintsha kanye nokushintshashintsha:Uhlelo luhlanganisa izimpawu ezahlukene (amandla e-DC, ividiyo ye-analog/yedijithali, umsindo we-analog/wedijithali, kanye nama-pulse e-DC ukuze kukhishwe umnyango) ezintanjeni ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kuvame ukufezwa kusetshenziswa amasu afana ne-Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) noma i-digital encoding eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuphathwa Kwamandla Okuhlakaniphile:Isiteshi sangaphakathi sinikeza ugesi we-DC phezu kwezintambo ezimbili esiteshini sangaphandle. La mandla aphathwa ngokucophelela futhi avame ukusebenzisa ama-voltage aphezulu (isb., 24V) ukunciphisa ukwehla kwamandla kagesi uma kusetshenziswa izintambo ezinde.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwesignali:Isiteshi sangaphandle sithumela amasignali aguquliwe aqukethe ividiyo nomsindo. Isiteshi sangaphakathi siqukethe izifunda zokuhlukanisa lesi siginali, sihlukanise okuphakelayo kwevidiyo nokusakazwa komsindo.
Isibonakaliso Sokukhishwa Komnyango:Umyalo ovela esiteshini sangaphakathi (ukucindezela inkinobho ethi “vula umnyango”) uvame ukuthumela i-voltage ethile noma i-current pulse emuva ezintanjeni esiteshini sangaphandle, bese kuba nomthelela ekubuyiseleni okulawula ukukhiya/ukushaya kukagesi. Ezinye izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zisebenzisa imiyalo yedijithali efakiwe kulokhu.
Ukuxazulula Izinganekwane: Lokho Okungenziwa yi-2-Wire (futhi Okungakwenzi)
Inganekwane: “I-2-wire isho ikhwalithi ephansi.”
Iqiniso:Izinhlelo zesimanje ezinezintambo ezimbili zinikeza ikhwalithi yevidiyo enemibala emihle kakhulu (ngokuvamile i-720p noma i-1080p), umsindo wedijithali ocacile, kanye nokukhishwa kweminyango okuthembekile. Ubuchwepheshe bukhule kakhulu. Nakuba izinhlelo ze-IP ezinezintambo eziningi eziphezulu zingase zinikeze ividiyo engcono kancane ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu noma izici zokuxhumana eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, igebe lezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphepha ezijwayelekile alinakwa kubasebenzisi abaningi.
Inganekwane: "Isebenza kuphela emabangeni amafushane kakhulu."
Iqiniso:Izinhlelo zezintambo ezimbili ezisezingeni eliphezulu zenzelwe ukusebenza amabanga amade - ngokuvamile amamitha angu-300 (amamitha ayi-1000) noma ngaphezulu kuzintambo ezijwayelekile ze-18-22 AWG. Lokhu kuhlanganisa kahle izindlu eziningi zomndeni owodwa, izakhiwo zamafulethi, kanye nezindawo ezincane zezentengiselwano. Ukusebenza kuncike kugeji yocingo kanye nekhwalithi.
Inganekwane: “Kungenxa yokuthuthukisa umsindo okuyisisekelo kuphela.”
Iqiniso:Lokhu kungukungaqondi kahle okubalulekile! Izinhlelo zesimanje zezintambo ezimbili ziyasebenzaama-intercom evidiyoOkokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu. Banikeza ama-video feed abukhoma, izingxoxo ezithinta abantu ababili, kanye nokukhululwa komnyango - imisebenzi eyinhloko yesistimu yokufinyelela yesimanje. Iningi manje lifaka izici ezifana nalezi:
Ukuxhumeka kwe-WiFi noma kwe-WiFi kokuhlanganiswa kwe-smartphone (buka, khuluma, vula ukude).
Ukuhlanganiswa namapulatifomu e-smart home (i-Google Home, i-Alexa yezimemezelo).
Umbono wasebusuku (ama-LED e-IR).
Izexwayiso zokutholwa kokunyakaza.
Ikhono lokufaka iziteshi eziningi zangaphakathi noma iziteshi zeminyango yesibili.
Izimo Ezinhle Kakhulu: Lapho I-2-Wire Ikhanya Ngempela
Ukushintsha Ama-Intercom Omsindo We-Legacy:Lena indawo enhle. Uma unesistimu endala "yokukhuphula umsindo" esebenzisa izintambo ezimbili, i-intercom yevidiyo enezintambo ezimbili iyindlela ephelele yokuthuthukisa engenamthungo.
Ukuvuselelwa Kwezakhiwo Zomlando:Gcina ubuqotho besakhiwo ngenkathi wengeza ukuphepha kwekhulu lama-21. Gwema ukulimaza iplasta yokuqala, ukubumba, noma izakhi zesakhiwo.
Izakhiwo Zefulethi kanye Nezindawo Zokuqasha Eziningi:Thuthukisa ukuphepha kanye nokulula ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izakhamuzi noma ukubhekana nezintambo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidlula ezindaweni ezivamile kanye namayunithi amaningi. Sebenzisa izintambo ezikhona ngaphakathi kweyunithi.
Izakhiwo zekhonkrithi noma ze-Masonry:Gwema ubunzima obukhulu kanye nezindleko zokufaka ukhonkolo ukuze usebenzise izintambo ezintsha ze-multi-conductor.
Izakhiwo Zokuqasha:Nikeza ukuphepha/ukuthuthukiswa kwenani okuphawulekayo ngokushesha nangokungabizi phakathi kwabaqashi.
Izindlu Ezinezindlu Ezingaphansi Eziqediwe Noma Ukuhlobisa Indawo Okuyinkimbinkimbi:Akunasidingo sokudabula ophahleni oluqediwe noma ukumba izingadi ezinhle kakhulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa Okusekelwe Esabelomalini:Finyelela ukuphepha kwamavidiyo esimanje ngaphandle kwentengo ephezulu ehambisana nomsebenzi omkhulu wokuxhuma kabusha ama-wiring.
Ukukhetha Uhlelo Olufanele Lwe-Intercom Yevidiyo Yezintambo Ezimbili: Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
Qinisekisa izintambo ezikhona:Qinisekisa ukuthi unezintambo ezimbili ezisebenza phakathi kwendawo yesiteshi sangaphandle oyifunayo nendawo yangaphakathi. Hlola igeyiji yentambo (18-22 AWG ijwayelekile). Intambo endala, encane, noma ebolile ingabangela izinkinga.
Ikhwalithi Yevidiyo:Funa i-HD resolution (ubuncane obungu-720p, okuthandwayo okungu-1080p) kanye ne-engeli yokubuka ebanzi (ama-degree angu-120+ avundlile). Ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya okuphansi/ukubona ebusuku kubalulekile.
Izici Zokufinyelela Kude Nezihlakaniphile:Ingabe ufuna ukulawula ifoni ephathekayo? Hlola ukuthi uhlelo lunikeza lokhu ngohlelo lokusebenza oluzinikele (ngokuvamile oludinga imojuli ye-inthanethi ehlukile exhunywe esiteshini sangaphakathi nge-Ethernet noma i-WiFi). Cabanga ngokuhambisana nabasizi bezwi uma uthanda.
Ukunwebeka:Ungakwazi yini ukwengeza ama-monitor engeziwe angaphakathi kalula? Ungakwazi yini ukwengeza isiteshi sesibili somnyango (isb., sesango elingemuva)? Qonda imikhawulo yesistimu.
Ukuhambisana Kokukhishwa Komnyango:Qinisekisa ukuthi isiteshi sangaphandle sine-relay eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ehambisana nokukhiya kwakho kagesi okukhona noma ukushaya (hlola izidingo ze-voltage/zamanje – 12V DC noma 24V AC zivamile). Yazi ukuthi ukudonswa kwamandla kwekhiya kunjani.
Ikhwalithi Yokwakha Nokumelana Nesimo Sezulu:Isiteshi sangaphandle kumele silinganiswe ngesimo sezulu sakho (bheka izilinganiso ze-IP65 noma ze-IP66 zokumelana nothuli namanzi). Izindlu zensimbi ziqinile kakhulu kunepulasitiki.
Ikhwalithi Yomsindo:Qinisekisa ukuthi umsindo we-full-duplex (uvumela ukukhuluma nokulalela ngesikhathi esisodwa ngokucacile) kanye nokukhansela umsindo.
Udumo Lomkhiqizo Nokusekelwa:Khetha imikhiqizo esimeme enokusekelwa okuhle kwezobuchwepheshe kanye namadokhumenti acacile. Funda izibuyekezo ezizimele.
Ikusasa Lezintambo Ezimbili: Lisathuthuka
Nakuba izinhlelo ze-IP-over-Ethernet zibusa ukwakhiwa okusha, ubuchwepheshe bezintambo ezimbili abumi ndawonye. Sibona:
Ukusekelwa Kwesisombululo Esiphezulu:Izinhlelo zidlula i-1080p.
Izici Ezihlakaniphile Ezithuthukisiwe:Ukuhlanganiswa okujulile nezinhlelo zemvelo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha izakhiwo.
Ukucindezela Okuthuthukisiwe Nokusebenza Kahle:Ukuvumela ukusebenza isikhathi eside noma ukusebenza okungcono kuzintambo ezikhona ezingaphelele.
Amakhono e-Hybrid:Ezinye izinhlelo ezinikeza i-PoE (Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet) ongayikhetha ngaphezu kwezintambo ezimbili, okunikeza ukuguquguquka kokusethwa okuyinkimbinkimbi noma ukuthuthukiswa okuyingxenye.
Isiphetho: Indlela Yokuthuthukisa Ehlakaniphile Icacile
Ungavumeli ukwesaba izindleko zokushintsha izintambo kanye nokuphazamiseka kukuvimbele ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha kanye nokulula kwendlu yakho.Izinhlelo ze-intercom zevidiyo ezinezintambo ezimbili aziyona into yokuvumelana; ziyisisombululo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esakhelwe ngenhloso yenselele enkulu yangempela.Zimelela ukunqoba kobuhlakani bobunjiniyela, okwenza ukulawulwa kokufinyelela kwevidiyo kwekhwalithi ephezulu kufinyeleleke futhi kube wusizo lapho kwakungatholakali khona ngaphambili.
Kubanikazi bezindlu abafuna umnyango wangaphambili ohlakaniphile, abaphathi bezindlu abadinga ukuthuthukiswa okungabizi kakhulu, abafaki abafuna izixazululo ezisebenzayo, noma abagcini bezakhiwo zomlando abalondoloza isikhathi esidlule ngenkathi bemukela ikusasa, i-intercom yevidiyo enezintambo ezimbili iyithuluzi elibalulekile. Iguqula ukuthuthukiswa "okungenakwenzeka" kube iphrojekthi eqondile, iletha ukuphepha kwesimanje, ukulula, nokuthula kwengqondo ngezintambo ezimbili ezilula. Ngaphambi kokuthi uzinikezele othulini kanye nezindleko zokuxhuma kabusha izintambo, hlola amandla anamandla obuchwepheshe bezintambo ezimbili - ingqalasizinda ekhona yesakhiwo sakho ingase ibe yisihluthulelo sekusasa laso elihlakaniphile neliphephile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-06-2025