Kwezikhungo Zokushayela Izingcingo - Xhuma Ama-ejenti Akho Akude
• Ukubuka konke
Phakathi nobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, akulula ngezikhungo zocingo ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi evamile. Ama-ejenti asakazeke kakhulu ngokwezindawo njengoba iningi lawo kufanele lisebenzele ekhaya (WFH). Ubuchwepheshe be-VoIP bukuvumela ukuthi unqobe lesi sithiyo, unikeze isethi eqinile yezinsizakalo njengenjwayelo futhi ugcine idumela lenkampani yakho. Nazi ezinye izindlela ezingakusiza.
• Ucingo Olungenayo
I-Softphone (esekelwe ku-SIP) ngokungangabazeki iyithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu kuma-ejenti akho akude. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela, ukufaka ama-softphone kumakhompyutha kulula, futhi ochwepheshe bangasiza kule nqubo ngamathuluzi edeskithophu akude. Lungiselela umhlahlandlela wokufaka ama-ejenti akude kanye nesineke.
Amafoni e-IP edeskithophu nawo angathunyelwa ezindaweni zama-ejenti, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ukucushwa sekuvele kwenziwe kula mafoni njengoba ama-ejenti engebona ochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe. Manje amaseva amakhulu e-SIP noma ama-IP PBX asekela isici sokulungiselela okuzenzakalelayo, okungenza izinto zibe lula kunangaphambili.
Lawa mafoni athambile noma amafoni e-IP ngokuvamile angabhaliswa njengezandiso ze-SIP ezikude kuseva yakho eyinhloko ye-SIP endlunkulu yesikhungo sezingcingo nge-VPN noma i-DDNS (i-Dynamic Domain Name System). Ama-ejenti angagcina izandiso zawo zokuqala kanye nemikhuba yabasebenzisi. Okwamanje, izilungiselelo ezimbalwa kudingeka zenziwe ku-firewall/router yakho njengokudlulisela i-port njll., okuletha ngokungenakugwenywa ezinye izinsongo zokuphepha, inkinga ayinakushaywa indiva.
Ukuze kube lula ukufinyelela ifoni ethambile ekude kanye nefoni ye-IP, isilawuli semingcele ye-Session (SBC) siyingxenye ebalulekile yalolu hlelo, esizofakwa emaphethelweni enethiwekhi yesikhungo socingo. Uma i-SBC isetshenziswa, yonke ithrafikhi ehlobene ne-VoIP (kokubili ukusayina kanye nabezindaba) ingadluliselwa kusuka kuma-softphone noma kuma-IP phone nge-inthanethi yomphakathi iye kwi-SBC, okuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke ithrafikhi ye-VoIP engenayo/ephumayo ilawulwa ngokucophelela yisikhungo socingo.
Imisebenzi ebalulekile eyenziwa yi-SBC ihlanganisa
Phatha ama-endpoint e-SIP: I-SBC isebenza njengeseva yommeleli yama-UC/IPPBX, yonke imiyalezo yokusayina ehlobene ne-SIP kufanele yamukelwe futhi idluliselwe yi-SBC. Isibonelo, ngenkathi i-softphone izama ukubhalisa kwi-IPPBX ekude, igama le-IP/domain elingekho emthethweni noma i-akhawunti ye-SIP ingafaka kusihloko se-SIP, ngakho-ke isicelo sokubhalisa i-SIP ngeke sidluliselwe ku-IPPBX futhi sengeze i-IP/domain engekho emthethweni ohlwini olumnyama.
Ukudlula kwe-NAT, ukwenza imephu phakathi kwesikhala sekheli le-IP yangasese kanye ne-inthanethi yomphakathi.
Ikhwalithi Yesevisi, okuhlanganisa nokubeka phambili ukuhamba kwethrafikhi ngokusekelwe kuzilungiselelo ze-ToS/DSCP kanye nokuphathwa komkhawulokudonsa. I-SBC QoS iyikhono lokubeka phambili, ukukhawulela kanye nokwenza ngcono izikhathi ngesikhathi sangempela.
Futhi, i-SBC inikeza izici ezahlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha njengokuvikelwa kwe-DoS/DDoS, ukufihla i-topology, ukubethela kwe-SIP TLS / SRTP njll., kuvikela izikhungo zezingcingo ekuhlaselweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-SBC inikeza amandla okusebenzisana kwe-SIP, ukudlulisa amakhodi kanye nokuphatha imidiya ukwandisa ukuxhumana kohlelo lwesikhungo sezingcingo.
Uma isikhungo socingo singafuni ukusebenzisa ama-SBC, okunye ukuthembela ekuxhumaneni kwe-VPN phakathi kwesikhungo socingo sasekhaya nesekude. Le ndlela yehlisa amandla eseva ye-VPN, kodwa ingaba yanele kwezinye izimo; ngenkathi iseva ye-VPN yenza imisebenzi yokuphepha kanye ne-NAT traversal, ayivumeli ukubeka phambili ithrafikhi ye-VoIP futhi ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu ukuyiphatha.
• Ucingo Oluphumayo
Ngezingcingo eziphumayo, mane usebenzise omakhalekhukhwini bama-ejenti. Lungiselela ifoni yeselula ye-ejenti njengesandiso. Uma i-ejenti yenza izingcingo eziphumayo nge-softphone, iseva ye-SIP izobona ukuthi lokhu kuyisandiso sefoni ephathekayo, bese iqale ukushayela inombolo yeselula ngesango lemidiya ye-VoIP elixhunywe ku-PSTN. Ngemva kokuba ifoni yeselula ye-ejenti isiqedile, iseva ye-SIP bese iqala ukushayela ikhasimende. Ngale ndlela, ulwazi lwamakhasimende luyafana. Lesi sixazululo sidinga izinsiza ze-PSTN ezimbili lapho izikhungo zezingcingo eziphumayo zivame ukuba namalungiselelo anele.
• Xhumana nabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo
I-SBC enezici ezithuthukisiwe zokuqondisa izingcingo, ingaxhuma futhi iphathe abahlinzeki be-SIP Trunk abaningi abangenayo nabaphumayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-SBC amabili (ukuphindaphinda okungu-1+1) angasethwa ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala okuphezulu.
Ukuze uxhumane ne-PSTN, amasango e-E1 VoIP ayindlela efanele. Isango le-E1 elinabantu abaningi njenge-CASHLY MTG series Digital VoIP gateways elinama-E1 afinyelela ku-63, i-SS7 kanye namanani ancintisana kakhulu, kuqinisekisa izinsiza ezanele ze-trunk uma kunethrafikhi enkulu, ukuze kuhlinzekwe izinsizakalo ezingathembisi kumakhasimende esikhungo sokushaya ucingo.
Izikhungo zocingo ezisebenza ekhaya, noma ezisebenza kude, zamukelwa ngokushesha ubuchwepheshe bamuva ukuze zigcine ukuguquguquka, hhayi nje kulesi sikhathi esikhethekile. Ezikhungweni zocingo ezihlinzeka ngensizakalo yamakhasimende ezindaweni eziningi zesikhathi, izikhungo zocingo ezikude zingahlinzeka ngesembozo esigcwele ngaphandle kokufaka abasebenzi kumashifu ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, lungela manje!